From Invisibility to Reality: Reproductive Justice for Current and Formerly Incarcerated Women and Girls Webinar Resources (2011)

These resources are for those advocating for anti-shackling in the prison system. It includes statistics, states that no longer shackle during pregnancy and pictures.

This is helpful for those working in the detention center, prison, jail or interested in helping those in jail.

Click here to read more.

Reproductive Justice & Violence: Innovative models

This document presents the innovative work that organizations that work with youth through Chicago were doing.

Sisters Empowering Sisters created a zine. Global Girls created a performance piece that asked young women to think about waiting until they are 24 to have children. Beyondmedia created a video about HIV.

This document can be used by community members, non for profit organization interested in new ideas.

Click here to see more ideas.

The State of Latina Adolescents’ Health (2003)

Factors affecting Latina Health:

  • poverty
  • access to healthcare
  • racism & discrimination
  • acculturation & biculturalism
  • familismo (the family)
  • gender roles
  • religion
  • early puberty & having an older boyfriend

Recommendations for Developing Programs for Latina Adolescents

  • Make programs culturally and linguistically appropriate.
  • Involve teens and their social support networks.
  • Address culturally defined gender roles.
  • Involve communities in programs’ development, implementation, and evaluation.

Click here to read the full report.

Laws Shaping Abortion Access in Illinois

This resource guide is provided by the section of family planning at the University of Chicago.  It was develepod in 2014 and is a reference guide for legal information regarding abortion care and considerations.

  • The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the right to an abortion is fundamental, but not absolute.
  • A physician, in the course of evaluating the specific circumstances of an individual case, determines when abortion is necessary to preserve health and when a fetus is considered viable.
  • Laws, policies, and court decisions at the federal, state, and local level affect individuals seeking access to abortion in Illinois.

Click here to read more about the legal rights regarding abortion in Illinois

Pregnancy and Childbirth Among Females Aged 10–19 Years – United States, 2007–2010 (2013)

This report is part of the Center of Disease Control Health Disparities and Inequalities Report (CHDIR) 2013.  It aims to highlight and raise awareness of differences in the characteristics of females aged <20 years who become pregnant and give birth and to prompt actions to reduce these disparities.

CDC examined 2007 and 2010 birth rate (live births, induced abortions, and fetal losses) data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) and comparable data for earlier years. Characteristics analyzed included four age groups (10–14, 15–19, 15–17, and 18–19 years), race, ethnicity, and state.  Household income and educational attainment were not analyzed.

  • Data showed little change in the proportion of males and females aged 15–19 years who have ever had sex
  • In 2010, the U.S. birth rate for females aged 15–19 years had decreased 45% since the 1991 peak
  • The pregnancy rate in 2008 for females aged 15–19 years was the lowest ever in the more than 3 decades
  • Birth rates for females aged 15–19 years tend to be highest in the South and Southwest and lowest in the Northeast and upper Midwest
  • Birth rate decreases ranged from 40% and 42% for non-Hispanic white and Hispanic females aged 18–19 years, to 47% to 56% for non-Hispanic black, America Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander females aged 18–19 years

3 tables are also available that show birth rates for females by age, race/ethnicity, and state.

Citation: Ventura, S.J., Hamilton, B.E., Mathews, T.J. Pregnancy and Childbirth Among Females Aged 10–19 Years – United States, 2007–2010. 2013. CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report- United States, 2013.   Supplement. Vol. 62. No. 3. 71-76.

Link to the Article

PDF of the Article

Abortion-Seeking Minors’ Views on the Illinois Parental Notification Law: A Qualitative Study (2012)

UPDATE: While the parental involvement law was not in place in Illinois at the time the research was performed, the Illinois Parental Notice of Abortion is now in effect.  Under this act, health care providers must notify an adult family member 48 hours before performing an abortion for a patient under 18 years old.  There are now a total of 39 states in the U.S. that have parental involvement laws in effect.

Researchers interviewed 30 women ages 14 to 17 who were seeking abortion services in Chicago to learn their opinions about the parental involvement law.

  • Participants were very concerned that the parental involvement law could harm minors.
    • Most participants believed that it is their private decision to choose who to tell or don’t tell, that parents are not necessarily the people they trust the most and that they will lose control over their bodies.  (Kavanagh et al., 2012. p.161)
    • “Many participants expressed concern that […] some parents might […] force [them] to continue the pregnancy” (Kavanagh et al., 2012. p.162)
    • Many participants fear unsupportive parents will physically or emotionally abuse them, kick them out of the house or be disappointed  with them (Kavanagh et al., 2012. p.162)
    • Participants did mention some benefits of the parental involvement law
      • They would be able to gain outside support during this difficult decision
      • Their parents or guardians would know if complications arise from the procedure
      • It would maintain a sense of trust between the parent/guardian and daughter
      • All states that mandate parental involvement also allow a judicial bypass option but participants view this option as another barrier to abortion. (Kavanagh et al., 2012. p.164)

Read more about the Illinois Parental Notice of Abortion Act here and here

Read more about Parental Involvement in Minors’ Abortions here

Citation: Kavanagh, E.K., Lee, A., Hasselbacher, B.B., Tristan, S. and Gilliam, M. (2012). Abortion-Seeking Minors’ Views on the Illinois Parental Notification Law: A Qualitative Study.  Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. Vol.44., Issue 3.,159-166.

PDF of the Article

Youth Speak Out on Sex, Love and Teen Pregnancy

“Our Story, Our Words”, produced by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy (NCPTUP), features foster-care involved young people’s views on love, sex, and pregnancy in their own words. Some interesting statistics from the the magazine include:

“Nearly 80 percent of teen mothers do not marry their baby’s father.  On average, these absent fathers pay only $800 a year in child support.” (p. 7)

“Three out of ten girls become pregnant at least by once by age 20.” (p. 7)

“41% of foster youth think the reason teen pregnancy is higher among foster youth is because they want to feel loved.” (p. 7)

Citation: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. (n.d.) Our Story, Our Words. Retrieved from http://www.thenationalcampaign.org/resources/pdf/pubs/OurStory_FINAL.pdf

Link to magazine.

California Core Competencies for Providers of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Programs/Services (2008)

The Core Competencies are intended for adult providers of adolescent sexual and reproductive health and serve as a foundation of professional capabilities that all providers should strive to possess in order to deliver effective, sensitive and appropriate sexual health care and services to adolescents.

The Core Competencies are divided into 5 major domains:

  1. Professional and Legal Role
  2. Adolescent Development
  3. Youth-centered Approach and Youth Culture
  4. Sexual and Reproductive Health
  5. Pregnancy-STIs-HIV

Information is provided that details what a provider should know and should be able to do for each domain.

Citation:

Core Competencies Subcommittee of the Adolescent Sexual Health Work Group (ASHWH), California Core Competencies for Providers of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Programs/Services. 2008. Core Competencies.

Link to “California Core Competencies for Providers of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health.”

Planned Parenthood

Planned Parenthood, founded in 1916, is an organization that is committed to providing trusted health care, educating and informing the community, leading the reproductive health and rights movement, and advancing global health.

“Planned Parenthood believes in the fundamental right of each individual, throughout the world, to manage his or her fertility, regardless of the individual’s income, marital status, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, age, national origin, or residence.”

The website provides up-to-date, clear, and medically accurate information about a variety of topics such as:

Planned Parenthood health centers also provide a variety of services such as:

  • Abortion
  • Birth Control
  • Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)
  • General Health Care
  • HIV Testing
  • LGBT Health Care
  • Men’s Health Care
  • Pregnancy Testing & Services
  • STD Testing, Treatment & Vaccines
  • Women’s Health Care

Click here to find your closest Planned Parenthood Health Clinic.

Connect with Planned Parenthood via Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, and Youtube.

U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions: National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity (2013)

 photo Guttmacher_zpsb6a6c48e.png
This report, compiled by Guttmacher Institute, contains the most recent statistics available (from 2008) on teenage pregnancy, birth, miscarriages and abortion.  It also details population trends and trends among states and information concerning different races and ethnicities.  The report is largely data, but has a lot of compelling key findings that are listed in the beginning of the report.

Some findings include:

  • New Mexico had the highest teenage pregnancy rate and New Hampshire, Vermont, Minnesota, North Dakota and Massachusetts had the lowest teenage pregnancy rates in 2008.
  • Teenage abortion rates was highest in New York in 2008.
  • New Jersey had the largest decrease in teen pregnancy rate between 2005-2008

Citation:

Kost, K. and Henshaw, S. U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions: National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity (2013).

Link to “U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions: National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity.

Teen Pregnancy and Other Risky Behavior

logo

This fact sheet provided by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy covers statistics regarding drug, alcohol, tobacco use, delinquency and sexual activity among teens.  Teens who drink or use drugs are often more sexually active and less likely to use contraception than teens who do not use drugs or drink alcohol.

According to the NCPTP: More than one-third of sexually active teens and young adults ages 15-24 report that alcohol or drug use has influenced them to do something sexual.

To view the full document click below:

Teen Pregnancy and Other Risky Behavior

For more resources from the NCPTP visit their website: www.teenpregnancy.org

Teen Pregnancy and Education

logo

 

Teen pregnancy affects the educational achievements of teens themselves as well as the education of the children they have.  According to the NCPTP, parenthood is the leading cause of school drop out among teen girls.

This fact sheet covers the statistics related to teen pregnancy and education of the mother and the children born to teen parents. Less than half of teen mothers graduate high school and only two thirds of children born to teen mothers obtain a high school diploma.

To view all the statistics on the fact sheet click below:

TP and education

To visit the NCPTP website visit: www.teenpregnancy.org

Impact of Publicly Funded Family Planning Clinics (2008)

Public funding for family planning services, such as access to contraceptives, screening for breast and cervical cancers, and testing for STDs, for low-income women is shown to save public dollars in the long haul. Through a cost-benefit analysis, it was determined that for everyone $1 spent in public funding, $4.02 is saved by providing access to care.

  • [It was] estimate[d] that of the total 1.4 million unintended pregnancies averted by publicly funded clinics in 2004, about 290,000 would have occurred among teenagers, and just over 1 million would have been to unmarried women or to women under 200% of the federal poverty level.” (Frost et al., 2008, p. 789)
  • “In 2004, women who received care from family planning clinics were able to avoid over 1.4 million unplanned pregnancies. These women were thus spared from having to make difficult decisions regarding whether to have an unplanned birth or to terminate the pregnancy through abortion.” (Frost et al., 2008, p. 793)

Citation: Frost, J.J., Finer, L.B., & Tapales, A. (2008). The impact of publicly funded family planning clinic services on unintended pregnancies and government cost savings. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. Vol. 19, Issue 3. p. 778-796

Link to article.

Housing Crisis – Pregnant and Parenting Youth (2004)

ICAH_logo

This fact sheet discusses the housing crisis for pregnant and parenting youth in Illinois based on a study done in 2004.  According to statistics:

  • In 2002, there were 18,546 births to women under the age of 20 in Illinois.
  • A statewide survey of social service providers conducted by the Center for Impact Research (CIR) found that 26% of pregnant or parenting youth age 21 and under are living in unsafe or unstable conditions.
  • In the CIR survey, 61% of pregnant and parent youth living in unsafe or unstable conditions were in need of immediate alternatives to their current living arrangements.
  • Reasons for needing alternative living arrangements ranged from the lack of a permanent place to stay to financial, physical, sexual or emotional abuse of the young parent and his or her child.
  • 31% of those needing alternative living arrangements were either transient or living in a shelter or car and 46% were living with their families.
  • Most commonly, youth did not have access to appropriate housing because of a lack of sufficient income, lack of available affordable housing, lack of available long-term supportive housing, limited availability or a lack of transitional living programs and the youth’s lack of credit.
  • Pregnant and parenting youth under the age of 18 who are not wards of the State of Illinois have the fewest options. 

To view the entire brief click below:

Housing Crisis – preg and parent youth 2004

Helping Pregnant and Parenting Teens Find Adequate Housing

htn_banner

In 2002, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in the U.S Department of Justice estimated that there are 1,682,900 homeless and runaway youth under eighteen years of age in the United States. Of this number, anywhere from 6 to 22% are pregnant. This means that there could potentially be almost 400,000 homeless and pregnant young women in this country.

Understanding the resources available and law applicable to young parents to assist them in finding adequate housing is one way to help address the problem of homlessness among adolescent parents in the United States today.

The American Bar Association Center on Children and the Law and Healthy Teen Network collaborated to develop an overview of housing-related legal policy issues with which advocates for young families should be familiar. This is merely a guide to some of the legal and policies avenues that are available for pregnant parenting teens seeking housing supports. It is not exhaustive and should not be construed as legal advice.

Some programs to obtain housing assistance include:

  • Section 8
  • Family Unification Program
  • Homeless Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing Program
  • Maternity Group Homes
  • Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
  • Transitional Housing
  • Extended Support for Foster  Youth

The guide provides details about each program and provides other information regarding finding housing for youth.

To view the full document click below:

Helping Pregnant and Parenting Teens Find Adequate Housing

For more resources from Health Teen Network visit their website: www.healthyteennetwork.org

Preventing Teen Pregnancy among Marginalized Youth: Developing a Policy, Program, and Research Agenda for the Future: Full Report (2009)

htn_banner

 

The Healthy Teen Network, with the support from the Annie E. Casey Foundation, has long explored how to better meet the needs of marginalized youth and subsequently reduce their risk for early pregnancy and parenting. In 2008, a year-long effort included: a review of the literature on what we know about today’s youth, their risk factors and what works to prevent early pregnancy among those most marginalized; development of a brief paper which synthesized these findings; a one-day summit including a diverse set of experts in the fields of teen pregnancy prevention and youth development to discuss the state of the field and develop a set of policy, program and research recommendations for moving forward, and a presentation and discussion with the field at large during Healthy Teen Network’s annual conference.

The Executive Summary provides a brief description of the issues, the summit and the recommendations for future policy, research and programs. The Executive Summary can be viewed here: Preventing Teen Pregnancy Among Marginalized Youth: Executive Summary

For the full report: Preventing Teen Pregnancy Among Marginalized Youth: Full Report

Exposure to Sex on TV May Increase the Chance of Teen Pregnancy (2008)

download

This fact sheet provided by Rand Health provides information regarding teen pregnancy and exposure to sex on television.

  • Nearly 1 million American women ages 15-19 become pregnant each year. And a majority of these pregnancies are unplanned.
  • Rand conducted a survey to study the link between exposure to sex on TV and teen pregnancy. They found that “frequent exposure to TV sexual content was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of teen pregnancy in the following three years.”
  • From the results, researchers estimated that ” teens who are likely to become pregnant or be responsible for a pregnancy in their teen years is two times greater among those who view high levels of televised sexual content than those who view low levels.

Untitled-1

  • This is the first study to demonstrate a link between TV and teen pregnancy.

These results have several practical implications:

  • TV industry leaders should examine how programming can include messages to teens about the consequences of sexual activity.
  • Media literacy instruction in middle and high schools can help teens think more critically about the relative absence of negative consequences of sex in TV portrayals and encourage thinking about alternative outcomes to those seen on TV.
  • Training for pediatricians should include intensified efforts to teach about the effects of media exposure on children’s health.
  • Parents need to monitor their teens’ TV viewing and provide education about the consequensces of sex. Tools that can help them review television content may be helpful.

To view the fact sheet: Exposure to Sex on TV may increase the Chance of Teen Pregnancy

CDC’s Syphilis Fact Sheets (2014)

These fact sheets published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) provide clear and accurate information about the sexually transmitted disease, syphilis.  The fact sheet covers important information such as symptoms, prevention methods, risk factors, contraction of syphilis while pregnant, stages of the disease, treatment and additional resources.

There are several versions of the fact sheet–

Link to “Basic Fact Sheet–Syphilis”

Link to “Detailed Fact Sheet–Syphilis”

Link to “Syphilis & Men Who Have Sex with Men Fact Sheet”

Link to “Images of Syphilis Fact Sheet”